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Objective@#To study the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic ureteral end-to-side anastomosis at pelvic level for duplicate ureteral malformation.@*Methods@#Clinical data of 10 children with unilateral ureteral duplication, who received laparoscopic ureteral end-to-side anastomosis at pelvic level at Department of Urology, Affiliated Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from September 2016 to November 2017 were reviewed.There were 6 boys and 4 girls with an average age of 13.9 months(1 month and 21 days to 3 years and 9 months). Ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography and magnetic resonance urography were performed before surgery.There were 6 cases of duplication with hydronephrosis in the upper moiety. The rest 4 cases were complicated with ureteroceles.Presentations included urinary dripping and symptoms caused by urinary tract infections.Urine test, ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography were performed during the 3-16 months follow-ups for all the patients after surgery.@*Results@#The laparoscopic ureteral end-to-side anastomosis was performed successfully in all patients at the pelvic level, the average ope-rating time was 98 minutes (60-125 minutes) and mean hospital stay was 7.3 days(7-8 days). All the presentations disappeared after surgery.All the patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months with relieved hydronephrosis.Postoperative examination of intravenous pyelography in 10 cases showed that there was no anastomotic obstruction.@*Conclusions@#The laparoscopic ureteral end-to-side anastomosis can be used for duplicate ureter, and it is a safe and effective method for the treatment of ureteral duplication.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic ureteral end-to-side anastomosis at pelvic level for duplicate ureteral malformation.Methods Clinical data of 10 children with unilateral ureteral duplication,who received laparoscopic ureteral end-to-side anastomosis at pelvic level at Department of Urology,Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from September 2016 to November 2017 were reviewed.There were 6 boys and 4 girls with an average age of 13.9 months(1 month and 21 days to 3 years and 9 months).Ultrasonography,intravenous pyelography and magnetic resonance urography were performed before surgery.There were 6 cases of duplication with hydronephrosis in the upper moiety.The rest 4 cases were complicated with ureteroceles.Presentations included urinary dripping and symptoms caused by urinary tract infections.Urine test,ultrasonography,intravenous pyelography were performed during the 3-16 months follow-ups for all the patients after surgery.Results The laparoscopic ureteral end-to-side anastomosis was performed successfully in all patients at the pelvic level,the average operating time was 98 minutes (60-125 minutes) and mean hospital stay was 7.3 days(7-8 days).All the presentations disappeared after surgery.All the patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months with relieved hydronephrosis.Postoperative examination of intravenous pyelography in 10 cases showed that there was no anastomotic obstruction.Conclusions The laparoscopic ureteral end-to-side anastomosis can be used for duplicate ureter,and it is a safe and effective method for the treatment of ureteral duplication.
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Objective To analyze the prognostic factors of adrenal tumor in children under 12 years of age. Methods A total of 90 children with 97 adrenal tumors admitted from June 2006 to August 2017 were selected in Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.The age distribution,tumor type,biochemistry and tumor indicators, treatment,stage classification and prognosis were analyzed.Results There were 46 males and 44 females in 90 cases. Ages ranged from 4 days to 11 years and 1 month,with an average of (38.1 ± 31.3)months.The main clinical mani-festations were abdominal mass,fever and abdominal pain.Eighty cases (82.5%)underwent surgery,while 17 cases (17. 5%)did not.Open resection was performed in 48 cases,open partial resection in 11 cases,laparoscopic surgery in 10 cases,and just biopsy in 11 cases.The pathological examination showed 43 cases with neuroblastoma,13 cases with ganglioneuroblastoma,8 cases with ganglioneuroma,5 cases with adrenocortical carcinoma,3 cases with teratoma,1 case with pheochromocytoma,1 case with malignant rhabdoid tumor.Statistical analysis revealed that neuron－specific eno-lase(NSE)value of neuroblastoma and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)value of cortical cancer increased significantly. The age was correlated with tumor stage,and patients had older age on stage Ⅳ.Complete resection in surgery was correlated with the stage of the tumor,as tumor in lower tumor stage seemed easier to be completely removed.Fifty－three cases (58.9%)were followed up for 2 months up to 11 years and 4 months.Forty－four cases survived and 9 ca-ses died.Higher tumor stage predicated worse prognosis.Conclusions Adrenal gland tumors need early diagnosis and active treatment.Earlier onset of age,complete surgical resection with patients have better prognosis.Complete resection of the disease was a key factor in the prognosis.
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Objective To discuss the efficacy of laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy for upper pole hydronephro-sis and ureteral dilatation in children with complete duplex kidney.Methods The clinical data of 14 patients (15 units in total)who underwent laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy from April 2016 to October 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Nine out of 14 cases had repeated urinary tract infections(UTI)and other symptoms[6 cases in group A:patients without vesicoureteral reflux(VUR)but presenting urinary tract infection (UTI)symptoms,3 cases in group C:patients diagnosed with VUR];5 cases of asymptomatic patients were selected as group B.All the 14 cases had upper pole hydronephrosis and ureteral dilatation.Preoperative examinations included ultrosonograpy,urinary magnetic resonance urography(MRU), intravenous pyelography (IVP),voiding cystourethrogram(VCUG),and nuclear renal scanning.It was found that 4 cases had ureterocele;3 cases had recurrent cystoureteral reflux (group C)before operation,and 1 case had cystoureteral re-fluxed after replantation.Results Laparoscopic surgery was successful in all of 14 children.None of them were shifted to open surgery because of abdominal viscera injury bleeding.The operation duration was 85－140 min.The average posto-perative hospital stay was 5.58 days.There was neither urinary anastomotic leakage nor UTI.Fourteen cases were followed up and the postoperative follow－up period was 7－23 months.No cases developed urinary tract infection except 2 cases with vescioureteral reflux.Ultrasound examination showed that the upper renal parenchyma of 5 children was thicker,ul-trasonography showed that upper pole hydronephrosis was better and ureteroceles were smaller.There was no complication such as lower pole hydronephrosis.The symptoms of urinary tract infection disappeared after operation.Conclusions Laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy can treat renal duplication with less trauma,and it is safe and effective.It can be one of therapeutic regimen to treat low－functional upper pole hydronephrosis and ureteral dilatation in renal duplication.Howe-ver,this procedure cannot be used for vescoureteral reflux cases because of high rate of stump infection.
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Silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (Sirtuins 1, SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylase, which can deacetylate histone and non-histone proteins and other transcription factors, and is involved in the regulation of many physiological functions, including gene transcription, energy metabolism, cell senescence and oxidative stress. Recent studies show that through adjusting the activity of endothelial nitric oxide syntheses (eNOS), p53, forkhead box class O (FOXO) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), SIRT1 can protect the functions of vascular endothelia and nerves in a variety of pathological conditions. Therefore, SIRT1 may be used as a potential therapeutic target of these diseases, particularly erectile dysfunction, which are associated with endothelial dysfunction.